Tremie Concrete Diaphragm Wall Panels Inspection Checklist

Definition: Tremie concrete diaphragm wall panels inspection guide for site engineers verifies stop-ends, tremie embedment, continuous pour, and panel joint continuity to ensure watertight, structurally sound diaphragm wall construction.

Verify stop-ends alignment, bracing, and waterstops for defect-free joints.
Maintain tremie embedment and stable head to prevent slurry intrusion.
Assure continuous pour logistics, backup tremies, and volume reconciliation.
Interactive, commentable checklist with export and QR code traceability.

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Checklist

Tremie concrete diaphragm wall panels require disciplined controls to verify stop-ends, tremie embedment, continuous pour, and panel joint continuity. This checklist focuses on slurry-supported diaphragm walls (slurry walls) constructed using tremie placement, not secant piles or top-down capping activities. It targets practices that prevent inclusions, voids, cold joints, and leakage at panel interfaces. You will confirm stop-end alignment and waterstop continuity, maintain tremie pipe submergence, safeguard uninterrupted concrete flow, and document joint integrity. By controlling slurry properties, sediment thickness, concrete head and tremie movements, teams can achieve durable, watertight panels and predictable excavation performance for basements and deep shafts. The scope covers pre-pour checks, active pour execution, and immediate post-pour observations, with records suitable for quality submissions per approved project specifications and authority requirements. Use this interactive tool to tick items live, add field comments and photos, and export your signed report to PDF/Excel with a QR link for secure traceability.

Control the critical stages of tremie diaphragm wall concreting: align and brace stop-ends, check slurry quality and trench cleanliness, maintain tremie embedment, and prevent flow interruptions. The result is fewer inclusions, tighter joints, and reliable panel-to-panel watertightness.
Track concrete delivery, tremie movements, head levels, and placed volumes against theoretical calculations, including overbreak allowances. Field photos of marked tremies, stop-end details, and joint faces create defensible evidence for quality dossiers and stakeholder sign-off.
Interactive online checklist with tick, comment, and export features secured by QR code. Use it to attach batch tickets, test results, and survey records; then route the signed package to the contractor, consultant, and client for transparent, auditable acceptance.
Acceptance cues are practical and measurable: slurry density and sand limits, sediment thickness at base, tremie embedment and movement increments, continuous-pour timing, and waterstop continuity. These checkpoints help crews avoid cold joints, segregation, slurry contamination, and joint leakage.

Pre-Pour Controls

1. Confirm panel ID, chainage, dimensions, and pour sequence against stamped IFC drawings; obtain ITP hold-point release. Evidence: marked drawing photo and inspector initials before cage lowering.
2. Measure slurry properties at top and 0.5–1.0 m above base using mud balance, Marsh funnel, and sand-content kit. Acceptance: density 1.03–1.20 g/cm³, viscosity 32–50 s, sand ≤4%. Record results.
3. Check trench cleanliness and base condition via desander logs and weighted sounding tape. Acceptance: residual sediment at base ≤50 mm. Attach readings and photos of tape marks.
4. Verify reinforcement cage spacers and guides provide uniform cover. Acceptance: concrete cover ≥75 mm on both faces and base; survey at three locations. Photo evidence of spacers installed.
5. Review concrete delivery tickets for approved tremie mix, admixtures, and time limits. Acceptance: slump/workability per approved mix design; initial truck within allowable age. Upload tickets and slump photos.

Stop-Ends and Formers

6. Inspect stop-end type (steel/HDPE/inflatable) for straightness, clean surface, and release agent. Acceptance: alignment deviation from panel axis ≤10 mm over length. Laser survey record and photos.
7. Confirm stop-end embedment and toe key per drawings and guide wall levels. Acceptance: top level within ±5 mm of design; embedment achieved. Record survey and supervisor sign-off.
8. Brace stop-ends to reinforcement cage and guide wall to resist placement loads. Acceptance: no detectable movement during trial lift/settlement. Capture video/photo during trial and post-fixity check.
9. Install specified joint waterstops or formers (central/external) with continuous laps. Acceptance: laps ≥100 mm, no gaps, secure ties. Close-up photos and installer initials.

Tremie Equipment and Embedment

10. Inspect tremie pipes, joints, and gaskets; perform water leak test. Acceptance: no leaks at working head; record test pressure and duration. Photo of assembled tremie stack.
11. Mark tremie pipe at 0.5 m intervals for embedment tracking. Acceptance: initial placement to within 100–200 mm of base without disturbing sediment. Photo of marks and crew acknowledgment.
12. Prime the tremie with plug/go-devil to exclude slurry; commence discharge smoothly. Acceptance: continuous flow established within 30 s; no visible slurry mixing in hopper. Time log and photo.
13. Maintain tremie pipe embedment in fresh concrete ≥2.0 m at all times. Verify via marked pipe readings. Log min/max embedment each truckload; attach log sheet.
14. Stage a cleaned standby tremie and hopper with lifting gear ready. Acceptance: backup equipment operational before first discharge. Photo evidence and supervisor confirmation.

Continuous Pour Execution

15. Coordinate plant dispatch to ensure uninterrupted supply. Acceptance: gap between successive discharges ≤10 minutes. Delivery schedule and time-stamped ticket photos.
16. Monitor concrete head relative to slurry at stop-ends using dip meter. Acceptance: maintain concrete head ≥1.0 m above slurry level. Record readings every 10–15 minutes.
17. Manage tremie movements in small lifts ≤0.3 m; avoid de-priming. Acceptance: no loss-of-prime events; continuous discharge with steady boom control. Log movements with times.
18. If panel width >3.0 m or flow stalls, deploy secondary tremie at high points. Acceptance: no segregation or trapping of slurry; visual checks at hopper and returns.
19. Reconcile placed concrete volume with theoretical (including 10–25% overbreak allowance). Acceptance: variance within planned range; investigate anomalies immediately. Upload reconciliation sheet.

Panel Joint Continuity and Records

20. During stop-end strike, inspect joint arrises for sound concrete and key profile. Acceptance: no honeycombing or slurry films; joint face clean. Close-up photos before protection.
21. While casting adjacent panel, verify waterstop continuity and paste extrusion at joint. Acceptance: uninterrupted waterstop and visible fresh paste squeeze-out. Photo and inspector sign-off.
22. Perform integrity checks per approved plan (e.g., sonic/echo testing or targeted coring) after curing. Acceptance: results within project criteria. Attach certified test reports.

Stop-Ends and Joint Continuity Fundamentals

Stop-ends control panel geometry and joint quality. Straight, clean, and well-braced formers prevent blowouts and misalignment when concrete pressure rises. Survey alignment before the pour and re-confirm after cage settlement. Waterstops—central or external—must be continuous, with secure ties and correct laps, because discontinuities become leakage paths under hydrostatic head. A trial lift helps detect looseness in braces and ties that would otherwise shift during concreting. When striking, avoid prying that chips arrises; damaged edges complicate continuity with the next panel. Before casting the adjacent panel, confirm the joint face is clean, key geometry matches the detail, and the waterstop sits where the next cage will enclose it. During the subsequent pour, a visible paste squeeze-out at the joint is a good field cue that fresh concrete has knitted across the interface. Document these steps with photos and survey notes to close quality hold points.

Survey stop-end alignment; deviation within 10 mm over panel length.
Brace formers to resist buoyancy and concrete pressures.
Ensure waterstops are continuous with ≥100 mm laps.
Protect joint arrises during strike; avoid chipping.
Record photos and surveys for quality evidence.

Tremie Embedment and Continuous Pour Discipline

Tremie concreting succeeds when the pipe remains submerged in fresh concrete, excluding slurry from the flow front. Mark the pipe and track embedment; keep at least 2.0 m embedment as the level rises. Manage movements in small increments to avoid suction and de-priming. Plan logistics: confirm plant output, traffic routes, and standby tremie readiness to eliminate gaps in supply. Monitor concrete head against slurry, especially at stop-ends, maintaining a consistent positive head to prevent slurry ingression. If the panel is wide or the flow stalls, add a second tremie at high points to maintain an even front. Reconcile placed volumes against theoretical, allowing for reasonable overbreak; unexpected deficits suggest voids or trapped slurry, while excess may indicate overbreak or loss. Capture time-stamped readings and photos as you go to support acceptance and rapid troubleshooting.

Maintain tremie embedment ≥2.0 m at all times.
Limit tremie lifts to ≤0.3 m per movement.
Avoid pour gaps; target ≤10 minutes between discharges.
Keep concrete head ≥1.0 m above slurry level.
Reconcile volumes and investigate anomalies immediately.

Evidence, Tolerances, and Practical Acceptance Cues

Make acceptance objective and auditable with simple tools. Verify slurry with a mud balance, Marsh funnel, and sand kit; keep density, viscosity, and sand within target limits to suspend fines and stabilize trench walls. Check residual sediment at the base with a weighted tape; 50 mm or less helps prevent inclusions. Ensure reinforcement cover with spacers and quick survey shots. Use marked tremie pipes to log embedment and movements, and photograph markings during the pour. Maintain uninterrupted supply and record times on delivery tickets; reconcile volumes against panel geometry and allowed overbreak. For joints, photograph waterstop continuity before closing, then capture paste squeeze-out during adjacent panel casting. When specified, add non-destructive integrity checks and attach certified reports. These records support compliance per approved project specifications and authority requirements and protect the project against disputes.

Use simple field tools to generate objective evidence.
Photograph tremie marks, waterstops, and joint faces.
Keep sediment ≤50 mm at base before pouring.
Attach delivery tickets, test results, and reconciliation.
Follow project-specific acceptance criteria and approvals.

How to Use This Interactive Tremie D-Wall Panel Checklist

Preparation: Gather mud balance, Marsh funnel, sand kit, weighted tape, dip meter, laser level, camera/phone, approved drawings/ITP, PPE (gloves, goggles, boots, helmet), and verify concrete plant and standby tremie readiness.
Start Interactive Mode: Open the checklist, select panel ID and location, then tick items as you perform them. Add time-stamped comments, photos, and readings directly to each line for traceable evidence.
Export and Share: After completing checks, export the record to PDF/Excel for the site file or submittal. The export includes embedded photos and a QR link for authentication.
Sign-Off and Archive: Capture digital signatures from contractor, consultant, and client. Distribute the signed package to stakeholders and archive it in the project’s document control system for later audits.

Tremie Concrete Diaphragm Wall Panels Inspection Checklist

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Tremie Diaphragm Wall Panel Inspection

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Priya Sharma KathakPriya

Nov 29, 2025

FAQ

Question: What tremie embedment should be maintained during diaphragm wall concreting?

Maintain the tremie pipe submerged in fresh concrete at all times, with a practical target of at least 2.0 m embedment. Use marked pipes and depth checks to verify. Small, controlled lifts reduce suction and prevent de-priming, helping keep slurry out of the concrete front.

Question: What should I do if the continuous pour is interrupted?

Act immediately: deploy the standby tremie, accelerate truck dispatch, and avoid moving the tremie enough to lose prime. Maintain a positive concrete head over slurry. If an extended stop is unavoidable, escalate to the engineer for instructions per approved project specifications and authority requirements.

Question: How can I confirm joint continuity between adjacent panels?

Before casting the next panel, ensure the stop-end strike leaves sound arrises and a clean key. Verify waterstop continuity and positioning. During the adjacent pour, look for fresh paste squeeze-out along the joint. Record close-up photos and obtain inspector sign-off as acceptance evidence.

Question: What volume variance is acceptable compared to theoretical panel volume?

Expect some overbreak. Plan for a reasonable allowance—commonly 10–25%—to reflect trench enlargement and losses. Reconcile placed volumes to this range. Investigate variances outside the plan promptly; deficits may indicate voids or inclusions, while excess could signal excessive overbreak.